Introduction to hiv pdf

Contents bswe005 introduction to hiv aidssolved assignment 201920bswe005 solved assignment 201920 bswe005 introduction to hiv aids solved assignment 201920 english download pdf hindi download pdf title name bswe005 solved assignment 201920 university ignou service type solved assignment soft copy pdf. Major scientific challenges for both hiv infected and hiv uninfected individuals confront the future of the management of hiv. However, each day more and more people are becoming infected. Introduction to hiv and aids overview of the pandemic from the national library of medicine abridged by page 3 of 40 anal, vaginal, or oral sex. Hiv surveillance training manuals our team focuses on developing surveillance tools that can be locally adapted and used to produce highquality, reliable data that will inform policy and programs to improve the health of hiv. Introduction to hiv, aids and sexually transmitted infection surveillance overview of the hiv aids epidemic with an introduction to public health surveillance participant manual february 2011 edition. Hiv is spread through contact with the blood, semen, preseminal fluid, rectal fluids, vaginal fluids, or breast milk of a person with hiv. Hiv aids notable exceptions are argentina, brazil, and mexico, which provide universal coverage for antiretroviral therapy. Hiv surveillance training manuals global health sciences. Antihiv also called antiretroviral medications are used to control the reproduction of the virus and to slow or halt the progression of hivrelated disease. However, hiv pcr may not be reliable in detecting hiv. When hiv infects a cell, it combines with that cells genetic material and may lie inactive for years. The learners will be able to understand the different modes of hiv transmission.

Page number 7 introduction purpose audience how to use this guide module 1. Practical recommendations for a multilevel approach michelle r. However, hiv pcr may not be reliable in detecting hiv in all infected patients. For many, hiv is now a longterm chronic condition and with decreased mortality, patient requirements and disease patterns have changed, making it increasingly apparent to health care professionals that the treatment of hiv. Introduction to hiv, aids and sexually transmitted. The official start of the epidemic occurred in the.

Introduction to hiv aids and sexually transmitted infection surveillance. Module 1 introduction to hivaids wired internationalmedical. If a member in a family has hiv, all other members have the possibility of harboring hiv. Before the introduction of art in the mid1990s, people with hiv could progress to aids in just a few years. Hiv is a virus that targets and alters the immune system, increasing the risk and impact of other infections and diseases. The goals of second generation hiv surveillance are to help countries better understand the hiv epidemic trends over time, to better understand the behaviours driving the epidemic, to focus on. Basic presentation hivaids for use by students, teachers and the public seeking basic information about hiv aids. As the virus spreads, more and more thelper cells are destroyed causing your immune system to become weaker and weaker. Introduction hiv aids was first identified in the early 1980s. Injection drug use idu was identified as a direct route of hiv infection and transmission among injection drug users. At the end of 2004, 20 million people had been killed by it, and twice that number are currently infected with hiv. Hiv chemotherapy has been a major medical accomplishment over the past 2 decades and has dramatically reduced the morbidity and mortality of those with access to care. The national hiv curriculum is an aids education and training center aetc program supported by the health resources and services administration hrsa of the u.

Since then the number of people infected with hiv has increased rapidly throughout the world. People with hiv can enjoy a long and healthy life by taking antiretroviral treatment which is effective and available to all. Recommendations regarding hiv screening in pregnancy, treatment of pregnant women who are living with hiv, and the use of antiretroviral arv drugs to prevent perinatal transmission of hiv. Brief summary of localnationalregional epidemiology of hiv. Health behavior change models for hiv prevention and aids. By 1983 the human immunodeficiency virus hiv, the virus that causes aids, had been isolated. In the united states, hiv is spread mainly by having anal or vaginal sex or sharing injection drug equipment, such as needles, with a person who has hiv. That is, i take medicoscientific knowledge about hiv aids i.

Similar training modules have been developed for whos african, americas, european and southeast asia regions. The present session aims to provide learners with basic facts about hiv, modes of hiv transmission, ways to prevent hiv infection and clarify related myths and misconceptions. In this region, for every hiv positive young man 1524 years there are three hiv. As discussed in chapter 8, control of the pandemic demands a twofront battle. Hiv is a virus spread through certain body fluids that attacks the bodys immune system, specifically the. Before the introduction of art in the mid1990s, people with hiv could progress to aids the last stage of hiv infection in a few years. Objectives define and understand the difference between hiv infection and aids describe the progression of hiv.

Hiv exempted from traditional public health practices such as contact tracing and partner notification. Hiv pcr is used to test for hiv after a potential hiv exposure, but before antibodies have developed. Health behavior change models for hiv prevention and aids care. This is evidenced by the disproportionate impact of the epidemic on women, especially in subsaharan africa, where the feminization of aids is most visible. Introduction to respondentdriven sampling world health organization. Chapter 1 introduction to hivaids substance abuse treatment. In addition, art is highly effective at preventing hiv transmission.

Aids is a reportable disease in all 50 states, but requirements for reporting vary support for hiv exceptionalism is waning as effective therapy became available and hiv. Unicef s work focuses on involving young people themselves in the design and implementation of strategies to curb the spread. It attaches itself to the thelper cells in your immune system and begins to reproduce itself. The hiv virus gets introduced into your body through blood to blood contact, through a break in the skin. Introduction to hiv, aids and sexually transmitted infection.

Although the overall framework of the modules is the same, each region has different patterns of hiv epidemics and distinct social and cultural contexts. The possibility of hiv transmission from mother to child can be reduced to the minimum by taking medical help right from conception onwards. The human immunodeficiency virus or hiv virus as it is commonly known is a unique type of virus a retrovirus. Because infants may have their mothers antibodies in their blood confounding the hiv antibody test, hiv pcr is also useful for them. Introduction ealth department hiv prevention programs and the medical providers they support offer a range of vital prevention servicesincluding hiv preexposure prophylaxis prep access services, linkage to care services, adherence counseling and hiv. Although the overall framework of the modules is the same, each region has different patterns of hiv epidemics. The role of std prevention and treatment in hiv prevention.

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome epidemiology middle east africa, northern 2. The first cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome aids were reported in the united states in the spring of 1981. The paediatric hiv treatment initiative 11 was established to overcome intellectual property barriers that prevented individual drugs manufactured by different companies from being. Bswe005 introduction to hivaids solved assignment 2019. Hiv is spread mainly through exposure to semen, vaginal fluid, anal fluid, blood, or breast milk from a person who is hiv positive. Hivaids has become the most widely talked about condition in history. Overview of the hivaids epidemic with an introduction to public. Today, someone diagnosed with hiv and treated before the disease is far advanced can live nearly as long as someone who does not have hiv.